Tablets are Solid dosage form Containing One or more Active Ingredients. They are obtained by single or multiple Compression and may be uncoated or coated. The Different categories of tablets that exist include Soluble tablets, Effervescent tablets, Modified release tablets etc. Tablets are normally circular in shape and their surface are flat or convex. tablets may contain excipients such as Diluents, binder, disintegrating agents, glidants, lubricants, substance capable of modifying the behavior of the dosage form and the active ingredients, Coloring matter and Flouring substances. According to the Indian Pharmacopoeia “Pharmaceutical tablets are solid, flat or biconvex dishes, unit dosage form, prepared by compressing a drug or a mixture of drugs, with or without diluents. They vary in shape and differ greatly in size and weight, depending on number of medicinal substances and the intended mode of administration.
General properties of Tablet dosage forms:
1. A tablet should have elegant product identity while free of defects like chips, cracks, discoloration, sticking and contamination.
2. Should have sufficient strength to withstand mechanical shock during its production, packaging, transportation and use .
3. Tablets should have the chemical and physical stability to maintain its physical attributes for long time.
4. The tablet must be able to release the medicinal agents in a predictable and reproducible manner.
5. Must have a chemical stability over time so as not to follow alteration of the medicinal agents.
6. Must be uniform in weight and in drug content
Different types of Tablets
(A) Tablets ingested orally:
1. Compressed tablet, e.g. Paracetamol tablet, levocetirizine tablets
2. Multiple compressed tablets
3. Repeat action tablets
4. Delayed release tablet, e.g. Enteric coated Bisacodyl tablet
5. Sugar coated tablet, e.g. Multivitamin tablet
6. Film coated tablet, e.g. Metronidazole tablet
7. Chewable tablet, e.g. Antacid tablet
(B) Tablets used in oral cavity:
1. Buccal tablet, e.g. Vitamin‐c tablet
2. Sublingual tablet, e.g. Vicks Menthol tablet
3. Troches or lozenges
4. Dental cone
(C) Tablets administered by other route:
1. Implantation tablet
2. Vaginal tablet, e.g. Clotrimazole tablet
(D) Tablets used to prepare solution:
1. Effervescent tablet, e.g. Dispirin tablet (Aspirin),
2. Dispensing tablet, e.g. Enzyme tablet (Digiplex)
3. Hypodermic tablet
4. Tablet triturates e.g. Enzyme tablet (Digiplex)
Excipients used in tablet
Tablet Ingredients In addition to active ingredients, tablet contains a number of inert materials known as additives or excipients.
Different excipients are:
1. Diluent
2. Binder and adhesive
3. Disintegrents
4. Lubricants and glidants
5. Colouring agents
6. Flavoring agents
7. Sweetening agents
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